0 - 3 months

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Coos and makes pleasure sounds
• Turns head/reacts to loud noises
• Calms down/smiles when spoken to

PHYSICAL
• Holds head up
• Begins to push and lifts/turns head when lying on stomach
• Movements begin to become more purposeful (although they are generally large jerky movements)
• Begins to bring hands to mouth
• Wiggles, kicks with arms and legs

OCCUPATIONAL
• Brings hands to mouth
• Takes breast or bottle with ease
• Follows a face
• Looks and smiles at faces
• Looks back and forth between two objects
• Becomes quiet when comforted
• Tolerates supervised "tummy time" when awake for at least 10 minutes (3 times per day)

FEEDING
• Displays reflexes to protect airway (coughing, clearing of throat)
• Responds to stimulation around the mouth
• Consumes breast milk or formula through a nipple
• Breathes smoothly while feeding (2-3 sips of liquid before swallowing and breathing)

4 - 6 months

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Follows sounds with his/her eyes
• Responds to changes in tone of voice
• Recognizes toys that make noises
• Reacts to music
• Babbles in a speech like way - using sounds that begin with "P", "B", and "M"
• Babbles or laughs when excited

PHYSICAL
• Reaches and swipes for objects of interest
• Begins to play with hands and toys at midline
• Puts weight on hands and to lift head and chest when laying on his/her stomach
• Holds head steady and upright without support
• Rolls over from stomach to back and back to stomach

OCCUPATIONAL
• Begins to play with hands and feet
• Begins to voluntarily grasp toys and objects
• Looks at and reaches for toys
• Transfers toys between hands
• Intentionally drops an object and watches it fall
• Tracks moving objects
• Attempts to grasp a bottle

FEEDING
• Grasps bottle with both hands with little assistance
• Begins to consume pureed fruit and vegetables

6 months - 12 months

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Reacts to and enjoys games like peek-a-boo
• Turns and looks in the direction of sounds
• Listens when spoken to Understands common words such as "cup" or "juice"
• Responds to requests such as "come here"
• Babbles to get and keep attention using long and short groups of sounds
• Has one or two words such as "Hi", "Mama", or "Dada" by first birthday

PHYSICAL
• Pivots on stomach
• Pulls up to hands and knees
• Sits up without assistance
• Uses both hands together during play
• Begins to move forward on hands and knees
• Pulls up to standing position with some support
• Begins to walk without support
• Begins to take small, independent steps

OCCUPATIONAL
• Begins to poke at objects with index finger
• Holds objects/toys in each hand and uses both hands to play
• Grasps objects with thumb and index finger
• Drops and picks up toys/objects
• Shows preference for certain toys, activities, or places
• Supports him/herself on hands and knees
• Begins to use utensils (spoons, forks)
• Begins to hold a cup with both hands
• Expresses affection

FEEDING
• Feeds him/herself finger foods
• Holds bottle independently
• Begins to use utensils
• Begins to consume pureed meat and baby foods

1 - 2 years

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Follows simple commands
• Enjoys and responds to simple stories, songs, and rhymes
• Points to pictures (when named) in books
• Acquires new words regularly
• Uses basic one or two-word questions
• Begins putting words together

PHYSICAL
• Walks without support
• Sideways and backwards movement begins
• Pulls up to standing without support
• Crawls up and down stairs
• Begins to stack objects on top of each other
• Puts objects in and takes objects out of containers
• Pulls objects apart (such as blocks or beads)

OCCUPATIONAL
• Sits and plays with toys using both hands easily
• Stacks blocks easily
• Begins to put small objects into containers
• Scribbles
• Begins to play alone
• Removes socks and helps to put on pants and shirt
• Turns pages of a book
• Draws lines on paper
• Begins to imitate peers and adults (simple activities)
• Begins to put simple puzzle pieces together

FEEDING
• Learns to eat with a utensil and drink from a cup
• Displays lip closure when swallowing liquids and soft solids
• Begins to drink liquids from a sippy cup
• Begins to consume mashed table foods
• Attempts to hold the handle of a sippy cup independently
• Begins to drink from a straw

2 - 3 years

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Uses two or three-word phrases to talk about and ask for things
• Begins using “K”, “G”, “F”, “T”, and “D” sounds
• Speech is understandable by family members
• Identifies objects by name to ask for, or direct attention to them

PHYSICAL
• Walks, runs, stops, steps up and squats down
• Walks up stairs, with support, using an alternating foot pattern
• Stands on one leg (1-3 seconds)
• Jumps in place
• Kicks a ball (3-6 feet)
• Tosses a ball (underhanded)Begins to learn to catch a ball from short distances

OCCUPATIONAL
• Learns to string beads together
• Builds things with blocks
• Plays with toys for extended periods of time
• Engages in simple group activities
• Defends his/her possessions
• Opens doors by turning the handle/knob
• Begins to draw lines and circles
• Begins to show interest in toilet training
• Matches simple shapes such as square, circle, and triangle

FEEDING
• Coordinates sucking, swallowing, and breathing patterns for longer periods
• Eats finely chopped table foods
• Bites through crunchy food items (crackers and cookies)

• Begins moving food from side to side of the mouth while chewing

3 - 4 years

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Hears and responds when called from another room
• Answers simple questions such as “who”, “what”, “where” and “why”
• Talks about daily activities
• Composes sentences consisting of 4 or more words
• Speaks easily without repeating syllables or words

PHYSICAL
• Maneuvers basic obstacles
• Stands on one leg (3-5 seconds)
• Walks on a line without stepping off
• Hops on one foot
• Jumps forward, down and over objects with feet together
• Tosses a ball both overhanded and underhanded

OCCUPATIONAL
• Catches a medium sized ball
• Throws ball over and underhanded
• Begins to draw simple shapes
• Cuts paper
• Interacts with peers (sharing and taking turns)
• Begins dramatic play
• Pours from a small pitcher
• Buttons and unbuttons large buttons
• Washes his/her own hands
• Dresses him/herself with supervision
• Begins to attempt to brush teeth independently

4 - 5 years

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Pays attention to and answers questions about simple short stories
• Hears and comprehends most of what is said at home and in school environment
• Gives details in sentences
• Communicates easily with adults and children
• Uses correct pronunciation for most sounds except for ones such as “S”, “R” and “TH”
• Begins using rhyming words
• Begins to name some letters and numbers

PHYSICAL
• Stands on one foot (up to 10 seconds)
• Hops forward on one foot 5 times
• Walks on straight line backwards
• Gallops and skips forward
• Walks up and down stairs, without support, using an alternating foot pattern
• Catches a tennis ball

OCCUPATIONAL
• Cuts paper on a line
• Begins to learn to write his/her name
• Plays and interacts with peers easily
• Begins to imitate more advanced grown up activities
• Buckles shoes (Velcro) or belt
• Zips a zipper without support
• Uses the toilet independently
• Puts on socks and shoes (with help tying shoes)

5 - 6 years

SPEECH & LANGUAGE
• Uses adult like speech
• Has conversations of up to 12 turns
• Responds to indirect questions
• Pronounces sounds correctly except for ones such as “S”, “Z”, “R” and “TH”

PHYSICAL
• Maintains balance and rhythm while skipping
• Hops forward on one foot for 20 feet without losing balance
• Jumps rope
• Walks on a balance beam
• Jumps over small hurdles and objects (10 inches high)Jumps sideways, back and forth

OCCUPATIONAL
• Cuts out simple shapes
• Learns to write the alphabet
• Colors within lines
• Grasps pencil with thumb and index finger
• Establishes a dominant hand
• Plays simple and competitive games with peers
• Dresses independently
• Brushes teeth independently